Delphi:剖析Based Rollup——新的ETH对齐

币圈资讯 阅读:48 2024-04-22 03:17:53 评论:0
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作者:Utonio,Delphi Digital,翻译:比特币买卖交易网xiaozou

L2s将ETH从用户流失的局面中拯救出来,但却带来了流动性碎片化、生态孤立和可组合性降低等问题。Based rollups、共享排序和预确认是解决方案吗?Utonio在对Based Rollups的深入研究中具体剖析了各解决方案,形成了以下4大关键见解。

1、Based Rollups的属性和限制

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简洁性:Based排序简化了流程,不需要额外的验证或硬分叉

可信中立性:使用去中心化的以太坊排序器

风险最小化:继承以太坊的核心层L1安全性

灵活性限制:绑定基础层的时序和基础设施,独立性较弱

收益影响:可能将排序收益(MEV +小费)从L2s转移给L1提议者

延迟:链接到L1 times,可能被预确认抵消

2、冲突

尽管based rollups保留了发布治理代币和收取基本费用的能力,但它与当前rollup的业务模型相冲突,在当前rollup业务模型中,排序器具有交易排序权,可获取MEV、赚取小费。

如果要转为based rollup,排序器将放弃这项价值拱手让给L1验证器,将收入仅局限在基本费用上。

当前rollups变成based rollups有多容易?

答案是相当容易。像Arbitrum这样的当前rollup可以通过弃用其中心化排序器并允许将交易直接发送到L1上的Inbox合约由L1提议者进行排序从而转为based rollup。

这将在保持L1延迟的同时消除第三方的参与。协议将允许任何人创建交易包,进行压缩并在L1上发布,而非仅限排序器发布交易包。

因为执行仍然在rollup上进行,所以错误证明和零知识证明仍然是必要的,因为它们关乎确认执行输出。

3、预确认

预确认发展势头强劲,致力于解决based rollup的主要限制。

L1提议者(也充当based rollup的L2建设者)现在可以通过再质押成为预确认者(preconfer)来选择执行额外的任务,“preconfer”是给在L2中进行交易排序的排序器的一个新名字。

用户为交易包含向preconfer支付小费,而preconfer也可能获得原生代币奖励。

理性的经济行为者应该选择加入,要么通过委托,要么通过再质押。MEV推动的客户端的增长证明了参与者的目标是实现收入最大化。

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Preconfers利用L1块times来完成交易承诺,并且可以在单个L1块中包含多个L2块。

委托预确认权引入了信任假设,并带有与活动性和安全错误相关的罚没条件。我们探讨了不同类型的实现,例如由Espresso Systems团队设计开发的Based Espresso。

4、Based排序格局

致力于based排序的实体列举如下:

IWfptj3mN7Sfjmkz11UeWKfB3s4zccj3JHUDf8pJ.png

聚焦Taiko

Taiko属于zk-EVM Type 1,是第一个从头开始构建的based rollup项目,没有对以太坊系统做任何更改。该项目是一个无需许可项目,没有中心化排序器或白名单证明者(prover),允许任何人运行提议者和证明者节点。

Taiko采用了多重证明的方法,使用多种证明类型(如多SNARKs + 多客户端)。证明者受TKO代币债券激励,如果他们未能在预期时间内证明区块,这些激励债券可能会被罚没。

他们正在利用RISC Zero zkVM基础设施来构建Taiko执行VM,这将使构建ZK apps成为可能。


The bitcoin trading network will be saved from the loss of users, but it will bring about problems such as liquidity fragmentation, ecological isolation and lower combinability. Is sharing sorting and pre-confirmation a solution? In the in-depth study of the solutions, the following key insights are formed: the attributes and limitations of simplicity sorting simplify the process without additional verification or hard bifurcation, credibility neutrality, and the use of decentralized Ethereum sorter to minimize the risk of inheriting the core of Ethereum. The security flexibility of the core layer limits the timing of the binding base layer and the independence of the infrastructure is weak. The income impact may delay the transfer of the sorting income tip from the proposer to the possibility of being pre-confirmed to offset the conflict. Although it retains the ability to issue governance tokens and collect basic fees, it conflicts with the current business model. In the current business model, the sorter has the right to sort transactions and earn tips. If it is to be converted into a sorter, it will give up this value to the verifier and limit the income to only. How easy does it become at present in terms of basic cost? The answer is quite easy. At present, it can be changed by abandoning its centralized sorter and allowing the contracts that send transactions directly to the Internet to be sorted by the proponent. This will eliminate the participation of third parties while keeping the delay. The agreement will allow anyone to create transaction packages for compression and release them on the Internet, not just the sorter. Because the implementation is still going on, error proof and zero knowledge proof are still necessary because they are closed. About confirmation execution output pre-confirmation pre-confirmation development momentum is strong, and the main limitation committed to solving is that the proposer can also act as a builder. Now, he can choose to perform an additional task by re-pledging, which is to give a new name to the sorter that sorts transactions in progress. Users may also get the original token reward for the transaction. Rational economic actors should choose to join, and the growth of clients promoted by entrustment or re-pledge proves the participants' participation. The goal is to maximize revenue, use blocks to complete transaction commitments, and can include multiple blocks in a single block. The pre-confirmation right is entrusted, and the trust assumption is introduced, with penalty conditions related to activity and security errors. We have discussed different types of implementations, such as the sorting pattern designed and developed by the team. The entities committed to sorting are listed as follows. The focus is on the first project built from scratch without any changes to the Ethereum system. This project is a license-free project without centralization. The sorter or whitelist certifier allows anyone to run. The proposer and the certifier nodes adopt the method of multiple proofs, and use various types of proofs. For example, many client certifiers are motivated by token bonds. If they fail to prove the blocks within the expected time, these incentive bonds may be confiscated. They are using the infrastructure to build and execute, which will make the construction possible. 比特币今日价格行情网_okx交易所app_永续合约_比特币怎么买卖交易_虚拟币交易所平台

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